What you know about Thyroid?

Thyroidectomy

Thyroidectomy is the surgery to remove thyroid gland. Thyroid plays a vital role in body's functions. Thyroid gland produces hormones which circulates throughout the body. It supports digestive system,heart and maintain bone health.

Who can undergo thyroid surgery?

·         If the nodule on gland is cancerous, doctors take biopsy to check.

·         If it is showing any kind of symptoms like trouble in swallowing, breathing difficulty, etc.

·         Any person having hyperthyroidism which does not respond to any other treatments.

Types of thyroid removal surgery

·         Hemithyroidectomy/lobectomy- It involves the removal of half of thyroid. It is only recommended only if the cancer is limited to one side of thyroid.

·         Isthmusectomy- It is the removal of isthmus, piece of tissue which connects two lobes of thyroid.·         Total Thyriodectomy- This is the removal of entire thyroid gland.

Procedure

There are some instructions to follow from doctor before the surgery. The thyroid surgery is done under general anesthesia. The surgery last for about 2 hours. After the surgery the patient will be under observation and can go home on same day.

Risks

Following are the risks-

·         Infection.

·         Injury to nerves.

Recovery

People can get back to their daily routine after the surgery. The physical activities are limited for some days. The patients are likely to have sore throat for few days. In this period, some pain relievers are given to reduce pain. If any hoarseness in voice or difficulty in breathing should immediately contact doctor.

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Thyroid

Thyroidectomy is the process to remove thyroid gland. Thyroid gland is butterfly shaped gland which is at the base of neck. Thyroidectomy is used to treat thyroid disorders such as cancer, goiter, etc.

Why it is required?

The thyroidectomy is required for following conditions:

·        Thyroid cancer.

·        Goiter.

·        Hyperthyroidism.

Risks

It include:

·        Infection.

·        Bleeding.

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Thyroidectomy

Thyroidectomy is the procedure to remove all or some part of thyroid gland. Thyroid is butterfly-shaped gland at bottom of neck. It produces hormones which regulates your metabolism.

Types of Thyroidectomy:

1.     Hemi-thyroidectomy- The entire isthmus is removed with 1 lobe.

2.     Sub-total thyroidectomy- The removal of most of the part of both the lobes of thyroid tissue on one or both sides.

3.     Partial thyroidectomy- The removal of the gland in front of trachea after mobilization.

4.       Near total thyroidectomy- Both lobes are removed except small amount of thyroid tissue in the surrounding area of recurrent laryngeal nerve entry point and the superior parathyroid gland.

5.     Total thyroidectomy- The gland is removed completely.

Why is it required?

Thyroidectomy may be advised, if you have any of the following conditions:

1.     Thyroid cancer.

2.     Goiter.

3.     Hyperthyroidism.

Risks

There are risks in every surgery:

1.     Infection.

2.     The airway is obstructed due to bleeding.

3.     Due to nerve damage the voice becomes weak.

Surgery

          Generally, thyroidectomy is performed under general anesthesia.

If the surgery due to thyroid cancer, then nearby lymph nodes are also examined. The surgery takes 1-2 hours depending on the extent of surgery required.

There are some approaches for the surgery-

1.       Conventional thyroidectomy- In this procedure, a cut is made at the center of neck to directly access thyroid gland.

2.       Transoral thyroidectomy- An incision is made inside mouth and avoids the cut on neck.

3.       Endoscopic thyroidectomy- Various small cuts are made and a small instruments with a video camera is inserted through the cuts made. The camera guide the surgeon through the entire surgery.

After the surgery, some patients feel neck pain and weak voice. But this is usually temporary. This could be due to the irritation of breathing tube, which is inserted in windpipe during surgery. You can eat or drink as usual. It may take time for the scar to disappear.

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