Do you know about Cleft Lip?

Cleft lip and Cleft palate

Cleft lip and cleft palate are splits in upper lip. These results when facial structure does not develop properly. This is a very common birth defect. It mostly occur due to some genetic conditions or any syndrome.

Symptoms

·        A split in upper lip of the mouth which affects the face.

·        A split in lip which the lip extends lip through upper gum and palate into bottom of nose.

·        Feeding problems.

·        Speaking with nasal.

·        Ear infection.

Causes

These occur when the tissues in baby's face and mouth does not fuse properly. Generally, tissues that make lip and palate fuse in second and third months of pregnancy.  The cleft lip and cleft palate are caused by genetic and environmental factor.

Risk factors

There are various factors due to which cleft lip and cleft palate may develop:

·         Genes: Parents having any family history of cleft lip or palates have higher risks.

·         Exposure of some substances when pregnant: Smoking cigarettes or drinking alcohol during pregnancy may develop cleft lip.

·          Diabetes:  If the woman is diagnosed with diabetes during pregnancy, there is a risk of cleft lip.  

Surgery

The surgery is used to correct the cleft lip and palate depending on the condition. There is a sequence of surgery which are performed according to the age of child-

·         Cleft lip repair - for 3 to 6 months of age.

·         Cleft palate repair - for age of 12 months

·         Follow-up surgeries - between age 2 years and late teen years.

The procedures includes:

·         Cleft lip repair: For closing the lips, the surgeon will make cuts on both sides of  cleft and make a flap of tissue. The flaps are then stitched with the lip muscles. After the repair, the appearance of lip becomes normal and function properly. If nasal repair is needed, it is also done at same time.

·         Cleft palate repair: There are number of procedures which are used to separate and reconstruct the upper part of mouth , depending on the child's condition. The surgeon will make the cut on both side of cleft and will re-position the tissues and muscles. After that it is stitched.

·         Ear tube surgery: For children suffering with cleft lip, ear tubes are placed to avoid the risk of hearing loss. The ear tube surgery is used to place a small bobbin shaped tube in eardrum, so that it creates an opening to prevent fluid buildup.

Cost

To know the cleft lip surgery cost in Bangalore, click the link to get exact cost.

What you know about Bow Legs?

Bow legs

It is a condition in which the legs curve outwards at an angle when the child's feet is together. The child is born with bowlegs due to their folded position in womb, so the condition is normal in infants.

Causes:

If the bow legs do not gets straight when the child starts walking, that may cause more problems such as-

·       Rickets- bone growth problem caused due to lack of vitamin D or calcium.

·        Blount's disease- bone growth disorder in shinbone.

·        Fracture that do not heal properly.

·        Bone do not develop normally.

Symptoms:

·        If bow legs continue for after 3 years of age.

·        Bowing is symmetrical.

·        Knees which do not touch when standing with feet and ankles together.

Treatment

The bowing should improve as the child grows.  There are some braces or special shoes which are tried to treat the condition. If this does not help then surgery is recommended.

Complications

If the bowlegs does not go away and is not treated will lead to arthritis in the knees or hips over time.

What you know about Blount's Disease?

Blount disease

Blountdisease is a very rare disorder affecting children, causing legs to bow outwards below the knees. It is also called as tibia vara. Small amount of bowing is natural in infants. As most children begin walking at an early age which is between 1 and 2 years, their legs get straight gradually. But at times it may need correction. It affects children younger than 4 years of age.

Symptoms

·A growing pain in the knee area.

·The tibia can rotate the feet inward instead of outward.

·If the disease not treated, can lead to arthritis.

Causes

·Overweight.

·Genetic.

Physical Therapy

The physical therapy helps in all stages. The braces are used to treat the children who are younger than 30 months or are in the beginning stage of disease. The brace which is prescribed by the physician is known as HKAFO (hip-knee-ankle-foot orthosis), or KAFO (knee-ankle-foot orthosis). The braces must be worn for upto 2 years to see the changes in shape of the shin bone. If there is no improvement till 1 year of wearing it , then surgery is recommended.

Surgery

If the blount disease has advanced and, brace treatment is not working , then surgery may be necessary. When you are in hospital for the surgery, a physical therapist will teach the child how to use walker or crutches and how to put right amount of weight on floor, to avoid the injury to the surgical repair of leg.

The therapist will teach you and your child some basic exercises to keep the leg healthy, regain the strength and joint movement. After discharge, most of the patients visit the therapist twice or thrice a week for better results.

Kidney Stone Surgery

Kidney stone surgery

The kidney stone is the hard deposit which are made of minerals and salts which form the in kidney. There are various causes of kidney stone which can affect parts of your urinary tract.

Types of kidney stone:

·        Calcium stones.

·        Struvite stones.

·        Uric acid stones.

·        Cystine stones.

Symptoms

·        Pain in side and back.

·        Pain during urination.

·        Pink, brown or red urine.

·        Vomiting.

·        Nausea.

·        Fever.

Risk Factors

·        Dehydration.

·        Certain Diets.

·        Obesity.

·        Some other medical conditions.

Treatment

Small stones with minimal symptoms

·        Drink more water.

·        Pain relievers.

·        Medical therapy.

Large stones

·        Ultrasound waves to break stones.

·        Surgery to remove large stones.

·        Scope to remove stones.

·        Parathyroid gland surgery.

Cost

The cost of kidney stone surgery in Bangalore varies from Rs.30,000 to Rs.20,00,000. Click here to know the exact cost of surgery.

Hip Replacement Surgery

The hip replacement surgery is used to replace parts of pelvis and femur. It is also called as hip arthroplasty. There are three types of hip replacement surgeries-

1. Total hip replacement.
2. Partial hip replacement.
3. Hip resurfacing.

It is performed by orthopedic surgeons.

For more details about hip replacement, click here:
https://surgeryxchange.com/blog/hip-replacement-surgery-things-to-know/

We at Surgeryxchange are associated with best doctor, surgeons and hospitals in Bangalore. For more details, you can visit here https://surgeryxchange.com/

Cholecystectomy Surgery And Cost

The cholecystectomy is also called as gallbladder surgery. It is the process to remove the gallbladder.

Types of gallbladder surgery:

1.      Gallbladder surgery : The surgeon will remove the gallbladder and gallstones through various small cuts made in the abdomen. The surgeon inflates the abdomen with air or carbon dioxide in order to see clearly.

2.      Open gallbladder surgery:  During this procedure, the surgeon will make a 5 to 7 inch incision (cut) on the abdomen to take out the gallbladder. You’ll have to undergo open surgery if you have a bleeding disorder. You may also need it if you are suffering from a severe kind of gallbladder disease, are very overweight, or are in the last trimester of pregnancy.

After surgery, bile flows from the liver (where it is produced) through the bile duct into the small intestine. As the gallbladder has been removed, the body will no longer store bile between meals but it has very minimal effect on digestion.

Why is gallbladder surgery required?

Laparoscopic gallbladder surgery is the best possible way of treating gallstones that cause the symptoms. Laparoscopic surgery is most commonly used when there are no other factors to complicate the surgery.

Who needs gallbladder surgery?

If the gallstones are causing any symptoms, then no surgery is required. The surgery is required if stone blocks one of your bile ducts. This causes a gallbladder attack.

Procedure:

General anesthesia is administered before the Cholecystectomy. The procedure can be either laparoscopic or open according to the condition.

Open Cholecystectomy generally takes 1 to 2 hours. The surgeon will put a cut in right side of the abdomen. The liver and gallbladder are visible by pulling muscles around it. The gallbladder is removed and the cut is sutured.

The surgeon begins the laparoscopic cholecystectomy by making four small incisions in the abdomen. An instrument with a camera fitted at the end called a laparoscope is inserted in one of the incisions, and other surgical tools are inserted in the other incisions. The laparoscope allows the surgeon to see the area which is affected on a monitor or screen and remove the gallbladder. The bile duct is also screened beforehand for any abnormalities. Once the gallbladder is removed, incisions are sewed and the patient is taken to the recovery area.

Risks:

The overall risk of gallbladder surgery is very low. The most serious possible complications may be:

·         Infection of an incision.

·         Internal bleeding.

·         Injury to the common bile duct.

Other uncommon complications may include:

·         Gallstones that remain in the abdominal cavity.

·         Bile that leaks into the abdominal cavity.

·         Injury to the major blood vessels in the abdomen that is carrying blood from the heart to the liver (hepatic artery). This is rare.

·         A gallstone can get into the common bile duct.

·         The liver being cut.

Cost

The cost of cholecystectomy surgery in Bangalore varies from Rs. 60,000 to Rs. 1,50,000. Click here to know exact cost.

Surgery for Shoulder Dislocation

The shoulder dislocation happens when head of the humerus is out of shoulder joint. There are some symptoms include shoulder pain, instability.

Mostly there are two types of surgeries which are used:

1. Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery:

The surgery for dislocated shoulder is required to tight the torn or stretch ligaments. The surgeon may also repair the torn labrum, the ring of cartilage which surrounds the shoulder socket and stabilize the humerus. To aim of surgery is to repair these tissues.

An arthroscopic surgery is performed by using an arthroscope, which is inserted  in the joint through a small cut. It contain a video camera and a light at one end. After getting to the position small surgical instruments are inserted and then re position the torn ligament on bone is done.

It is usually performed using general anesthesia. The surgeons also use an injection called as nerve block. A nerve block provide 10 to 12 hours of pain relief.

2. Open Shoulder Surgery:
   The open surgery means that the doctor/surgeon operate the joint from a single cut made above the shoulder joint, instead of having various small cuts. The doctor perform the open surgery to repair injured ligaments.

To repair the bone loss in glenoid socket caused by the repeated injury, the doctor take a piece of living bone, called as bone graft, from other part of body and shape it to fit the rim of glenoid to create deeper socket. The bone  graft fuses with the shoulder socket to form a solid bone.

Recovery

The physical therapy is the most important part for the full recovery of shoulder injury. The physical therapist work with you to build strength, improve flexibility. During the first few weeks the therapist provide massage to reduce the pain and swelling. After sometime the therapist starts some exercise for the muscles in shoulder , arms and back. To restore the strength in these muscles. The therapy continues for a long time before the shoulder is fully recovered.